Firefighters are exposed to a lot of hazards while performing their duties, and their PPE serves as the first line of defense against these dangers. However, the effectiveness of PPE can be significantly compromised if it is not properly maintained and cleaned.  

Below are six reasons why it’s critical to regularly clean and maintain PPE. Far from being a badge of honor, dirty gear puts you (and everyone around you) in danger.  

1. Electrical Conductivity 

One of the lesser-known risks associated with heavily contaminated PPE is the increased likelihood of conducting electricity. Hydrocarbons, which are commonly found in smoke and soot, can accumulate on PPE and create a conductive layer.  

This poses a serious risk, especially in environments where electrical hazards are present. While far from the most common injury on the fireground, cleaning gear can remove those contaminants and protect you against electrocution.  

2. Radiant Heat Reflection

Soiled PPE reflects less radiant heat, which can be detrimental in high-temperature environments. Radiant heat reflection is crucial for protecting firefighters from the intense heat they encounter during firefighting operations (especially when Proximity Turnouts are required).  

When PPE is covered in soot, dirt, and other residue, its ability to reflect heat is compromised, leading to increased heat absorption and potential heat stress for the wearer. Cleaning PPE can restore its reflective properties, enhancing its ability to protect against radiant heat. 

3. Ignition Risk

Oil, grease, and hydrocarbon deposits from smoke can cause PPE to ignite. These substances are highly flammable and can accumulate on PPE during firefighting activities.  

Diesel in particular is very difficult to clean out of gear, requiring expertise and special equipment. Not only are the fumes dangerous, but accumulated diesel can ignite during your next call. That means it’s critical to properly clean your gear when it’s exposed to materials like oil or diesel.  

4. Reflective Trim Vibrance

The vibrance of reflective trim on PPE is crucial for visibility and safety. Reflective trim helps firefighters remain visible in low-light conditions, ensuring they can be easily located by their team members and other emergency responders.  

However, the vibrance of this trim can fade over time due to the accumulation of dirt and grime. Improper cleaning can also damage your trim, so take the time to research best-practice cleaning methods or consult an Independent Service Provider (ISP).  

5. Corrosion and Weakened Fabrics

Prolonged exposure to certain chemicals may weaken turnout fabrics and weaken helmets and SCBAs.  

Firefighters are often exposed to hazardous chemicals during their operations, and these chemicals can penetrate and degrade the fabrics of their PPE. Acidic compounds can also degrade metal. Over time, this can lead to weakened materials that are less effective when you need them and put you at increased risk.  

6. Contaminant Absorption

Cleaning PPE is a preventative measure to reduce contaminant absorption risk. Firefighters are exposed to a variety of contaminants, including carcinogens, during their duties.  

These contaminants can be absorbed by your PPE. When you (or others around you) come into contact with that dirty gear, there’s a risk of exposure. It’s important to take steps outlined in NFPA 1851 to clean your gear, from preliminary exposure reduction to regular advanced cleaning.  

More Than Just Looks 

In conclusion, regular cleaning of firefighter PPE is essential for maintaining its effectiveness and ensuring your safety. Proper cleaning, inspections, and maintenance are more than just “nice to haves;” they are a critical piece of firefighter health and safety. 

By addressing the risks associated with electrical conductivity, radiant heat reflection, ignition, reflective trim vibrance, material weakening, and contaminant absorption, firefighters decrease their risk of injury on (and off) the fireground.